kaffe

Kaffe is the Danish and Norwegian word for coffee, the caffeinated drink made from roasted seeds of the Coffea plant. The term comes from Dutch koffie, which derives from the Arabic qahwa. Coffee is grown in tropical regions around the world, at higher elevations. After harvest, green beans are processed, roasted, ground, and brewed with hot water to produce the beverage.

Two major cultivated species are Coffea arabica (Arabica) and Coffea canephora (Robusta). Arabica flavors tend to be milder and more nuanced, with lower caffeine content; Robusta is stronger and more bitter with higher caffeine. Beans are processed by washed (wet) or natural (dry) methods, influencing sweetness and body. Roasting levels range from light to dark, shaping acidity, aroma, and mouthfeel.

Common brewing methods include espresso, drip or filter, pour-over, and French press. Cold brew is also popular in some regions. Coffee can be served plain or with milk or substitutes; drinks such as cappuccino, latte, and macchiato are prepared with added dairy or plant milk. Decaffeination uses solvent or carbon dioxide processes to remove most caffeine.

Economically, coffee is one of the world's most traded agricultural products. Major producers include Brazil, Vietnam, Colombia, and Ethiopia. Coffee culture varies by country, with cafés serving as social spaces and as venues for work, study, and conversation. Sustainability and fair-trade initiatives aim to improve grower livelihoods and environmental practices.

Health notes: caffeine is a stimulant; moderate intake is considered safe for most adults, though sensitivity varies. Coffee contains antioxidants and may be linked to reduced risks of certain diseases when consumed in moderation; excessive consumption can cause sleep disruption or other adverse effects.