käärmelajia

Käärmelajia refers to a Finnish term that translates to "snake species". In a biological context, it encompasses all the distinct types of snakes found in the world. Snakes belong to the order Squamata, which also includes lizards. They are characterized by their elongated, legless bodies, although some primitive species retain vestigial hind limbs.

Globally, there are over 3,900 known species of snakes. These reptiles inhabit a vast range of environments, from dense rainforests and arid deserts to freshwater bodies and even the open ocean. Their diets vary significantly, with some feeding on insects, others on rodents and birds, and a few specializing in fish or other reptiles.

In Finland, the native snake fauna is relatively limited due to the country's northern latitude and climate. Common species found in Finland include the grass snake (Natrix natrix), the smooth snake (Coronella austriaca), and the adder or viper (Vipera berus). The grass snake is perhaps the most widespread and easily recognizable, often found near water. The smooth snake is more elusive and prefers drier, sunnier habitats. The adder is the only venomous snake native to Finland, though its venom is generally not considered life-threatening to humans.

Understanding käärmelajia involves studying their morphology, behavior, genetics, and ecological roles. Conservation efforts for snake species are important, as many face threats from habitat loss, pollution, and direct persecution. The study of snake species contributes to broader knowledge of biodiversity and evolutionary processes within the reptile class.