jubako

A jubako is a traditional Japanese tiered food box, typically made of lacquered wood and designed to be stacked in two or more sections with lids. The name comes from the characters for “layer” (ju) and “box” (bako). Jubako are commonly rectangular or square, though some designs are round, and they range from two to four tiers, sometimes more, with separate compartments for different dishes.

Construction and design often feature urushi lacquer applied to the exterior, with the interior painted in colors such as red or left natural. Many jubile are decorated with maki-e (gold or silver powder applied to the lacquer) and other ornamental motifs. The wood used is often kiri (paulownia) for its lightness and resistance to moisture, although modern versions may use other woods or synthetic materials. The multi-tier arrangement makes it easy to present a variety of foods in an orderly, aesthetically pleasing way.

Uses and cultural role vary by occasion. Jubako are closely associated with osechi-ryori, the celebratory New Year dishes; the tiered boxes help present a curated assortment of foods and symbolize prosperity and family togetherness. They are also used for special gatherings, picnics, and gifts, and may be kept as heirlooms. Modern jubako come in a range of styles, including simple lacquered designs, decorative maki-e works, and non-lacquer variants in plastic or metal.

Care and maintenance typically involve hand washing with mild soap, avoiding soaking, and drying promptly. Prolonged exposure to heat or direct sunlight can damage lacquer, so storage should be cool and dry.