jernIIsulfat

Iron(II) sulfate, commonly known as ferrous sulfate, is the ferrous salt of sulfuric acid with the chemical formula FeSO4. It most often occurs as the heptahydrate FeSO4·7H2O, which forms blue‑green crystals. Anhydrous ferrous sulfate is less common and readily oxidizes in air to ferric compounds. In water, ferrous sulfate dissociates to Fe2+ and SO4^2−, and solutions are typically mildly acidic due to hydrolysis of Fe2+.

Production of ferrous sulfate is industrially achieved by reacting iron with sulfuric acid to form FeSO4, which crystallizes as the solution is concentrated and cooled. It can also be prepared by leaching iron-containing ores with sulfuric acid and crystallizing the ferrous sulfate.

In practical use, the most common application is as an iron supplement for treating iron‑deficiency anemia, administered orally as tablets or syrup. It is also used as an iron source in agriculture and horticulture, and in some water treatment processes as a coagulant or supplemental iron source to help precipitate contaminants. Ferrous sulfate can serve as a reducing agent and as a precursor to other iron salts and compounds used in chemical synthesis.

Safety and handling: ferrous sulfate is corrosive in concentrated form and can cause gastrointestinal irritation, staining of teeth and skin, and, in overdose, can be fatal, especially for children. It should be stored in a dry, tightly closed container, protected from moisture and air, and kept out of reach of children. Excessive dust or ingestion should be avoided, and it should be used in accordance with applicable medical and safety guidelines.