jainismo

Jainism is an ancient Indian religion that emphasizes non-violence (ahimsa) towards all living beings. Its origins are traced back to the Rishabhanatha, the first Tirthankara, and it was most recently revived by Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara, in the 6th century BCE. Jain teachings are centered on the principles of karma, reincarnation, and liberation (moksha). Jains believe that the soul is eternal and that its progress towards liberation is achieved through self-discipline, ethical conduct, and asceticism.

The core tenets of Jainism include ahimsa (non-violence), satya (truthfulness), asteya (non-stealing), brahmacharya (chastity), and aparigraha (non-possession or non-attachment). These principles guide the daily lives of Jains, influencing their dietary habits (often vegetarian), their professions, and their interactions with others. Asceticism plays a significant role, with monks and nuns undertaking rigorous practices to purify the soul and break free from the cycle of rebirth.

Jainism is divided into two main sects: Digambara and Svetambara. The Digambara monks traditionally wear no clothes, symbolizing complete detachment from material possessions, while Svetambara monks wear white robes. Despite these differences, both sects share the fundamental beliefs and practices of Jainism. The religion has a relatively small but dedicated following, primarily in India, and is known for its philosophical depth and ethical rigor. Jain temples are often characterized by their intricate architecture and sculptures.