iodogen

Iodogen is a chemical reagent commonly used in radiochemistry and immunoassay techniques for the labeling of proteins, peptides, and other biomolecules with radioactive iodine isotopes, such as iodine-125 (125I). Its primary function is to facilitate the iodination process, enabling the detection and quantification of biomolecules in various experimental and diagnostic applications.

Chemically, Iodogen is a form of dried iodine oxidant, specifically the oxidized form of iodine that exists as 1,3,4,6-tetrachloro-3α,6α-diphenylglycouril. It is typically applied as a coating on a solid-phase surface, such as a plastic reaction tube or disc, which allows for controlled and localized reaction environments. This surface-bound form of Iodogen acts as an oxidizing agent, converting iodine into a reactive electrophile capable of covalently attaching to tyrosine residues present on proteins or peptides.

The process using Iodogen is favored for its simplicity and mild reaction conditions, minimizing damage to delicate biomolecules. It is also known for producing high-specific-activity radioiodinated products with relatively low levels of over-iodination or side reactions. The reaction usually proceeds at room temperature over a short period, generally 10 to 30 minutes, followed by purification to remove unincorporated iodine.

In summary, Iodogen is a widely used reagent in biochemistry and molecular biology for stable and efficient radioiodination processes. Its ability to produce precise labeling without harsh conditions makes it a valuable tool in various scientific and medical research contexts, including hormone analysis, enzyme localization, and radioimmunoassays.