inzulinrezisztenciát

Insulinrezisztencia, also known as insulin resistance, is a medical condition where the body's cells do not respond properly to insulin. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps regulate blood sugar levels by allowing glucose to enter cells for energy. In insulin resistance, cells become less sensitive to insulin's signal, leading to higher levels of glucose circulating in the bloodstream.

This condition is often a precursor to type 2 diabetes. When the body becomes resistant to insulin, the pancreas initially compensates by producing more insulin to overcome the resistance. However, over time, the pancreas may not be able to keep up with the increased demand, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. Insulin resistance is also linked to other metabolic issues, collectively known as metabolic syndrome, which includes high blood pressure, unhealthy cholesterol levels, and abdominal obesity.

Several factors can contribute to the development of insulin resistance. Obesity, particularly excess abdominal fat, is a major risk factor. A sedentary lifestyle, poor diet high in processed foods and sugar, and genetic predisposition can also play a role. Age is another factor, as insulin resistance tends to increase with age.

Symptoms of insulin resistance are often subtle or absent in the early stages. However, over time, individuals may experience increased thirst, frequent urination, increased hunger, fatigue, and unexplained weight gain. Long-term complications can include type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Diagnosis typically involves blood tests to measure fasting glucose and insulin levels, as well as HbA1c. Lifestyle modifications, including diet and exercise, are the cornerstone of managing insulin resistance, and in some cases, medication may be prescribed.