inkretinbased

Inkretinbased refers to a class of medications used primarily in the management of type 2 diabetes. These drugs target the incretin system, which is a natural hormonal system in the body that plays a role in regulating glucose levels. When a person eats, the gut releases incretin hormones, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). These hormones signal the pancreas to release insulin and reduce glucagon secretion, thereby lowering blood sugar.

Inkretinbased therapies work by either mimicking the action of natural incretins or by preventing their breakdown. There are two main types of inkretinbased drugs: GLP-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. GLP-1 receptor agonists directly stimulate the GLP-1 receptors, leading to increased insulin secretion and decreased glucagon release, as well as slowing gastric emptying and promoting satiety. DPP-4 inhibitors work by blocking the enzyme DPP-4, which is responsible for breaking down natural incretin hormones. This leads to higher levels of active incretins in the bloodstream.

These medications are generally administered orally or by injection and are often used in conjunction with diet and exercise, or with other diabetes medications like metformin. They are considered effective in lowering HbA1c levels and have a relatively low risk of hypoglycemia when used alone. Potential side effects can include gastrointestinal issues such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, though these often subside over time.