infectionsparticularly
Infection refers to the invasion and multiplication of organisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites within a host, where they may cause tissue damage and disease. Infections can range from mild to life-threatening and may affect any body site. It is important to distinguish infection from colonization, where organisms are present without causing symptoms. Transmission occurs through multiple routes, including direct contact, respiratory droplets, airborne spread, contaminated food or water, vectors such as mosquitoes, sexual contact, and vertical transmission from mother to child.
Common pathogens and types include bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic infections. Each type can present with
Treatment depends on the causative organism. Bacterial infections are treated with antibiotics, viral infections with antivirals
Prevention and control include vaccination, hand hygiene, safe food and water practices, safe sex, vector control,
At-risk groups include young children, older adults, pregnant people, and immunocompromised individuals. Outcomes vary with the