immigrating

Immigrating is the act of moving to a country other than one's own with the intention of settling there. It is part of the broader phenomenon of migration, which also includes emigration (leaving one's country) and internal movement within borders. People who move to another country are usually called immigrants by the destination, while they may be described as emigrants by their country of origin.

Motivations for immigration vary and can include economic opportunity, family reunification, education, or safety from persecution. Some movements are voluntary, while others are forced, such as refugees or asylum seekers who seek protection under international or national law.

Legal pathways to immigrate typically involve obtaining permission to reside, such as visas, residence permits, or permanent residency. Criteria may include employment offers, skills, financial resources, or family relationships. Processing times, requirements, and pathways to citizenship differ by country, and recognition of professional qualifications is often required on arrival.

Integration in the host country involves access to housing, employment, language learning, health care, and education. Barriers can include discrimination, high living costs, delays in credential recognition, and uncertain legal status, all of which can affect successful long-term settlement.

Immigration affects both sending and receiving countries through demographic change, labor markets, and cultural exchange. Policy responses include skilled-worker programs, family sponsorship, refugee protection, and programs to support language learning and credential recognition. Public debate frequently concerns economic impact, security, and social cohesion.