igatura

Igatura, commonly referred to in medical contexts as suturing, is the procedure of closing wounds or surgical incisions by passing a thread (suture) through tissue and tying knots to bring the edges together. It is used to promote healing, restore tissue integrity, control bleeding, and reduce the risk of infection. Suturing is performed across a range of settings, including surgery, emergency care, dentistry, and veterinary medicine.

Suturing techniques vary to suit tissue type, location, and healing goals. Common methods include interrupted sutures, where each stitch is tied individually; running (continuous) sutures, where a single thread closes a longer incision; and mattress techniques (vertical or horizontal) that provide added strength and eversion or eversion control. Subcuticular or subdermal closures may be used for cosmetic results. The choice of technique depends on factors such as tension, contamination risk, and desired cosmetic outcome.

Suture materials are categorized as absorbable or non-absorbable. Absorbable sutures (for example, polyglycolic acid, polydioxanone, polyglactin, and plain gut) break down in the body over time, reducing the need for removal. Non-absorbable sutures (such as nylon, polypropylene, and silk) provide longer-term support and may require removal later. Sutures can be monofilament (one strand) or multifilament (braided), and needles come in various shapes and coatings to minimize tissue trauma.

Applications and care considerations include proper aseptic technique, appropriate anesthesia, gentle tissue handling, and ensuring minimal tension on the wound edges. Potential complications of igatura include infection, dehiscence (wound reopening), suture-related granulomas, allergic reactions to materials, and scarring. See also wound closure, surgical staples, and tissue adhesives.