identitarias

Identitarias, or identitarianism, is a term used to describe a set of political and cultural currents that emphasize the defense and preservation of a perceived national or ethnic identity. In Spanish-language discourse, identitarios or identitarianism refer to groups and ideas that seek to protect what they view as the cultural and demographic continuity of a population, often positioning immigration and multiculturalism as threats. The term does not denote a single organization but a loose network of groups and online communities, primarily in Europe, with analogous movements elsewhere.

Origins and core ideas. The identitarian current emerged in the European right as a response to globalization, immigration, and multiculturalism. Proponents argue that identity—cultural, historical, and sometimes ethnic—provides the basis for political legitimacy and social cohesion. They typically advocate policies to limit immigration, preserve traditional cultural forms, and oppose demographic change that they perceive as altering the character of a nation or region. The movement often emphasizes aesthetics, symbolism, and online activism, aiming to mobilize young people and create visible campaigns.

Tactics and notable groups. The movement is marked by activist campaigns, media presence, and symbolic branding rather than a centralized political platform. One of the best-known incarnations is Génération identitaire (France), founded in the early 2000s, which conducted high-profile street actions and media campaigns. Internationally, similar groups exist under different names; some have pursued coordinated campaigns such as anti-immigration protests or provocative publicity stunts. In several countries, identitarian groups have faced legal scrutiny or bans, with authorities labeling some factions as extremist organizations.

Reception and impact. Scholars view identitarianism as part of the broader “new right” or ethnonationalist milieu. Critics describe it as xenophobic or exclusionary, contributing to polarization around immigration and national identity. The movement is not a single coherent entity and tends to fragment into national or regional groups with varying approaches.