hængsel

Hængsel is the Danish word for hinge, a mechanical bearing that connects two solid bodies and allows rotation around a fixed axis. In construction and carpentry, hinges join doors, lids, and cabinet doors to their frames, enabling opening and closing while keeping the components attached.

There are many hinge designs for different applications. Butt hinges consist of two rectangular leaves connected by a pin. Continuous or piano hinges run along the full length of a door or lid. Concealed hinges are mounted inside the frame and are common in modern cabinetry. Pivot hinges enable doors to rotate on a point away from the edge, and spring hinges provide self-closing action. Security hinges may include features to resist pin removal or tampering.

Materials and mounting methods vary by use. Hinges are commonly made from steel (galvanized or stainless), brass, nickel, or aluminum, often finished or coated to resist corrosion. They can be mortised (inserted into a recess) or surface-mounted. Proper alignment and clearance are essential for smooth operation, and the door’s swing direction (left- or right-handed) influences hinge type and placement.

Size, weight rating, and the number of hinges required depend on the application. Heavier doors or gates typically need larger or multiple hinges and stronger pins. Maintenance involves occasional cleaning and lubrication of the pivots, tightening fasteners, and ensuring pins remain secure. Anti-lift or non-removable pins are sometimes used for external doors to improve security.

Hinges have a long history, with early examples found in ancient and medieval architecture. Over time, improvements in manufacturing and design led to a wide range of hinge types and standardized dimensions used in furniture, cabinetry, and architectural hardware today.