hyperurikémii

Hyperuricemia is a medical condition characterized by elevated levels of uric acid in the blood. Uric acid is a waste product formed when the body breaks down purines, which are naturally found in the body and in certain foods. Normally, uric acid dissolves in the blood, passes through the kidneys, and is excreted in urine. However, if the body produces too much uric acid or the kidneys cannot eliminate it efficiently, uric acid levels in the blood can rise.

The causes of hyperuricemia are multifaceted. They can include a diet high in purine-rich foods such as red meat, organ meats, and some seafood, as well as the consumption of alcohol and sugary drinks. Genetic factors can also play a role, influencing how the body produces and eliminates uric acid. Certain medical conditions, like kidney disease, gout, psoriasis, and some blood disorders, are associated with increased uric acid levels. Additionally, some medications, including diuretics and low-dose aspirin, can contribute to hyperuricemia.

While hyperuricemia itself may not cause noticeable symptoms, it is a significant risk factor for developing gout, a painful form of inflammatory arthritis. Uric acid crystals can form in the joints, leading to sudden, severe pain, swelling, redness, and tenderness, most commonly in the big toe. Persistent high uric acid levels can also contribute to the formation of kidney stones, which can cause severe pain and complications. Diagnosis is typically made through a blood test that measures uric acid levels. Management strategies often involve dietary changes, weight management, lifestyle modifications, and in some cases, medication to lower uric acid levels or treat associated conditions like gout.