handpedaled

Handpedaled refers to devices that are propelled predominantly by hand cranks or hand pedals rather than by foot pedals. The term covers handcycles, hand-cranked bicycles, and other human-powered machines driven by the arms. It is used in mobility, sport, and experimental engineering contexts.

Most handpedaled systems use two crank handles connected to a chain or belt drive that turns a rear wheel or hub. Propulsion and steering are controlled by hand-operated levers, and braking is typically accomplished with hand controls. Designs vary widely, with upright bicycles, recumbent handcycles, and three-wheeled configurations being common. Some systems feature independent braking for each drive side, adjustable gearing, and specialized seating to optimize propulsion efficiency.

Historically, attempts to create hand-propelled cycles date to the 19th century, with broader development in the 20th and 21st centuries for rehabilitation, mobility assistance, and sport. Handcycles have become a standard event category in para-cycling competitions and are also used for fitness and recreation by people with varying mobility needs.

Advantages of handpedaled devices include increased independence for users with limited leg function, the opportunity to train upper body and core, and the potential for outdoor mobility. Limitations include greater reliance on upper-body strength, potential for repetitive strain injuries, higher costs, and the need for specialized fitting and maintenance.