gångbedömning

Gångbedömning, often translated as gait assessment or gait analysis, is a systematic evaluation of how a person walks. This process involves observing and measuring various aspects of a person's movement to identify abnormalities, understand their underlying causes, and inform treatment strategies. It is a crucial tool in fields such as physiotherapy, orthopedics, neurology, and sports science.

The assessment typically begins with visual observation of the gait cycle, which includes the stance phase (when the foot is on the ground) and the swing phase (when the foot is in the air). Clinicians look for deviations from normal patterns, such as limping, asymmetry, altered stride length, or excessive joint movement. Beyond visual inspection, quantitative measurements are often employed. This can involve using motion capture systems with markers placed on the body to precisely track joint angles and movements, or force plates to measure ground reaction forces. Electromyography (EMG) may also be used to assess muscle activity during walking.

Gångbedömning is valuable for diagnosing and monitoring a wide range of conditions. These include musculoskeletal injuries, neurological disorders like Parkinson's disease or stroke, developmental issues in children, and the effects of aging. By understanding the specific gait deviations, healthcare professionals can develop targeted interventions, such as physical therapy exercises, orthotic devices, or surgical recommendations, to improve mobility, reduce pain, and enhance overall functional independence.