girassol

The girassol, scientifically known as Helianthus annuus, is a large annual plant in the family Asteraceae, native to the Americas. It is commonly grown as a crop for its edible oil and as a food source for its seeds. The name "Helianthus" derives from the Greek words "helios" meaning sun and "anthos" meaning flower, a nod to its characteristic heliotropism, the tendency for its flower heads to follow the sun across the sky. Young girassols exhibit this behavior, but mature flower heads typically face east.

Girassols are known for their tall stalks, which can reach heights of 3 to 10 feet, and their large, bright yellow flower heads, often measuring 3 to 6 inches in diameter. The center of the flower head contains numerous small, fertile florets that mature into seeds. These seeds are a rich source of oil, protein, and various nutrients. The plant thrives in full sun and well-drained soil, making it a popular choice for gardens and agricultural landscapes.

Beyond its economic uses, the girassol holds cultural significance in various societies, often symbolizing happiness, adoration, and longevity. Its vibrant appearance has made it a subject of art and literature for centuries. The cultivation of girassols has spread globally, with major producing countries including Ukraine, Russia, and Argentina.