gapanalys

Gap analysis, sometimes spelled gapanalys, is a planning and evaluation technique that compares current performance, processes, or capabilities with a desired or potential level. The goal is to identify gaps that prevent achieving objectives and to define actions to close those gaps. It is used across many sectors, including business, IT, education, and public administration.

Gap analysis can address different kinds of gaps. A performance gap looks at the difference between actual results and targeted metrics. A capability gap examines whether an organization has the required abilities to deliver a product or service. A skills gap focuses on missing or underdeveloped competencies within a workforce. Applications span business process improvement, system implementation, compliance, strategic planning, and product development.

Typical steps involve: defining the objective or target state; mapping the current state of processes, systems, or capabilities; specifying the desired future state; identifying the gaps between current and desired conditions; analyzing the causes of those gaps; prioritizing gaps based on impact and feasibility; designing an action plan to close the gaps; implementing changes; and monitoring progress with follow-up assessments.

Common methods and data sources used in gap analysis include process mapping, benchmarking against best practices, KPI data comparison, root cause analysis, surveys, interviews, and process performance reviews. Benefits include a clearer view of what needs to improve, better prioritization of resources, and informed decision making. Limitations can include reliance on high-quality data, subjectivity in interpreting gaps, and the potential for focusing too much on deficits rather than strengths, especially if used in isolation.