förhärdad

Förhärdad is a Swedish word that translates to hardened or calloused in English. It can be used in both literal and figurative senses.

Literally, förhärdad refers to a physical hardening. For example, one might speak of förhärdade händer (hardened hands) due to manual labor, or förhärdat läder (hardened leather) that has undergone a treatment process. This sense describes a material or body part becoming less pliable and more resistant to wear and tear.

Figuratively, förhärdad describes a person's emotional or moral state. It implies a lack of sensitivity, empathy, or compassion, often as a result of experiencing hardship or witnessing unpleasant events. A person described as förhärdad might be perceived as emotionally numb, cynical, or unwilling to be moved by others' suffering. This state is typically viewed negatively, suggesting a loss of one's humanity or softer qualities. It can imply a deliberate act of shutting oneself off from emotional vulnerability. The development of a förhärdad nature is often seen as a defense mechanism, though it can lead to isolation and strained relationships.