frostempfindlich

Frostempfindlich is a German term used in botany and horticulture to describe organisms, especially plants, that are easily damaged by freezing temperatures. It is used to distinguish such plants from frosthart or frostresistent varieties, which tolerate frost to a greater extent.

The concept covers a range of sensitivity levels. Frost damage typically results from ice formation in plant cells, which can rupture membranes and impair tissue function. Sensitivity depends on the species and cultivar, the plant part (flowers and new shoots are particularly vulnerable), growth stage, and local microclimate, such as exposure to wind or late or early cold snaps.

Many tropical and subtropical ornamentals, as well as some fruit blossoms and vegetables, are considered frostempfindlich. In garden planning and cultivation, recognizing frost sensitivity informs decisions about placement, planting time, and the need for protective measures to prevent injury during cold periods.

Protection and management strategies include monitoring weather forecasts, using protective coverings such as garden fleece or cloth during frost events, and relocating potted plants indoors or to sheltered locations. Additional options are windbreaks, cloches, and, in greenhouses, temporary heating or insulated structures. Mulching and soil management can help stabilize root zone temperatures, contributing to overall resilience against minor frost events.

In German horticultural literature, frostempfindlich is commonly contrasted with frosthart, the latter describing plants with higher inherent tolerance to freezing temperatures. Understanding frost sensitivity helps gardeners and farmers mitigate risks and optimize the timing of planting and protection measures.