extinctspecies
Extinct species are organisms that no longer have any living individuals anywhere on Earth. Extinction denotes the end of a species’ lineages and is considered permanent in its taxonomic sense. In addition to global extinction, some species persist in parts of their range but are locally extinct (extirpated) in others, or survive only in captivity or cultivation as extinct in the wild. Extinction can occur gradually over long periods or via rapid events such as disasters or mass die-offs, and the pace varies across taxa and eras.
Causes of extinction range from natural ecological and environmental changes to human-driven pressures. Natural factors include
Notable extinct species include the dodo (Raphus cucullatus), the passenger pigeon (Ectopistes migratorius), the woolly mammoth
Study methods involve fossils, subfossils, radiometric dating, and ancient DNA analysis to reconstruct past ecologies. Conservation