endoskopické

Endoskopické is a Czech adjective used to describe things related to endoscopy, including procedures, equipment, and findings. The term derives from endoskopie (endoscopy) and the adjectival suffix -ický/-ické, and it is commonly used to form phrases such as endoskopické vyšetření or endoskopické zákroky.

Endoscopy itself is a minimally invasive diagnostic and therapeutic method that uses an endoscope—a long, slender instrument with a camera and light source at the tip. Endoscopes can be rigid or flexible and may include channels for instruments, suction, or irrigation. Advances in technology have led to digital imaging, high-definition visualization, and specialized devices for therapeutic work, such as biopsy forceps, snares, and laser tools. Additional developments include capsule endoscopy, where a patient swallows a small camera capsule to visualize parts of the gastrointestinal tract, and various forms of image-enhanced endoscopy.

Endoskopické procedures are performed in many medical specialties. Gastroenterology uses endoscopy to examine the esophagus, stomach, and intestines (gastroscopy, colonoscopy); pulmonology uses bronchoscopy to inspect the airways; urology employs cystoscopy to view the bladder and urethra; and ENT and gynecology have related endoscopic techniques for nasal passages, sinuses, uterus, and fallopian tubes. Endoskopické methods enable direct visualization, targeted biopsies, and minimally invasive therapies, often reducing the need for open surgery.

Risks are uncommon but include infection, bleeding, or perforation, and procedures generally require local, regional, or general anesthesia. Proper preparation and post-procedure care are essential for safety and effectiveness.