emersed

Emersed refers to a plant or organism that is growing in or out of water, but with its leaves and stems emerging above the water's surface. This contrasts with submerged plants, which live entirely underwater, and floating plants, which rest on the surface. Emersed plants are common in aquatic and semi-aquatic environments such as ponds, lakes, rivers, and marshes.

The emersed growth form allows plants to access atmospheric carbon dioxide for photosynthesis, which is often less available in water. They also benefit from increased sunlight penetration. Many emersed plants have specialized adaptations to cope with fluctuating water levels. Their root systems are typically anchored in the substrate below the water, while their aerial parts are adapted to terrestrial conditions. Examples include cattails, reeds, and water lilies whose leaves float but flower stalks emerge. Some aquatic plants can grow both emersed and submerged depending on water depth and conditions. The term is also used in other contexts, such as in aquariums where certain plants are intentionally grown emersed by maintaining a high humidity environment above the water level.