elektroplaasimist

Elektroplaasimist, also known as electroplating, is a process that uses electrolysis to coat a conductive object with a thin layer of metal. This is achieved by immersing both the object to be plated (the cathode) and a piece of the plating metal (the anode) into an electrolyte solution. When an electric current is applied, metal ions from the anode are attracted to the cathode, where they deposit as a solid metal coating.

The primary purpose of electroplating is to enhance the properties of the base material. Common applications include improving corrosion resistance, increasing wear resistance, enhancing electrical conductivity, and providing a decorative finish. For example, steel can be electroplated with chromium for a shiny, durable surface, or with zinc to prevent rust. Copper plating is often used as an intermediate layer before plating with other metals, or to improve electrical conductivity in electronic components.

The type of metal used for plating and the composition of the electrolyte solution are crucial factors determining the quality and properties of the coating. Different plating baths are formulated to achieve specific results, such as brightness, adhesion, and thickness. The process requires careful control of current density, temperature, and bath composition to ensure a uniform and adherent deposit. While effective, electroplating processes can also generate wastewater containing metal ions and other chemicals, necessitating proper treatment and disposal methods.