elektritöötluses

Elektritöötlus, commonly referred to as electrical discharge machining (EDM), is a non-traditional machining process that utilizes electrical discharges to erode material from a workpiece. This method is particularly effective for machining hard or brittle materials that are difficult to cut with conventional tools, such as hardened steels, carbides, and exotic alloys. The process relies on a controlled electrical spark that occurs between an electrode (tool) and the workpiece. Both the electrode and workpiece are submerged in a dielectric fluid, typically deionized water or oil, which acts as an insulator and flushes away eroded particles.

The EDM process involves a series of rapid electrical pulses. When the voltage between the electrode and workpiece reaches a critical level, a spark jumps across the gap. This spark generates intense heat, locally melting and vaporizing a small amount of material from the workpiece. The dielectric fluid quenches the spark and removes the molten debris. The electrode, which is typically made of graphite or copper, is shaped to match the desired form of the cavity being machined. By repeatedly generating sparks and moving the electrode, material is gradually removed, creating complex shapes and intricate details with high precision. EDM offers excellent surface finish and dimensional accuracy, making it suitable for applications in aerospace, automotive, medical, and mold making industries.