electricitat

Electricitat, or electricity, is a form of energy arising from electric charges. It can appear as static electricity or as a steady current in conductors. In practical terms, electricity is described by voltage (V), current (A), and power (W), with energy commonly measured in kilowatt-hours (kWh).

Generation and transmission: Electricity is produced by generators driven by turbines powered by diverse energy sources, including fossil fuels, nuclear, hydro, wind, solar, and geothermal. It is typically transmitted at high voltages through long-distance grids and then stepped down by transformers for distribution to homes and businesses. Most networks use alternating current (AC); direct current (DC) is used in specific applications, such as certain long-distance links and battery storage.

Uses and efficiency: Electricity powers lighting, heating, motors, computing devices, and nearly all modern appliances. Improvements in efficiency, energy management, and storage help reduce consumption and enable better balancing of supply and demand. Grids increasingly incorporate smart meters, sensors, and automation to integrate variable renewable energy.

Safety and regulation: Handling high voltages and currents can cause electric shock, burns, or fires. Standards govern insulation, grounding, wiring practices, and protective devices such as fuses and circuit breakers. In households, residual-current devices and proper circuit protection are common safety features. The generation and distribution of electricity are regulated to ensure reliability, safety, and fair access.