ektropion

Ectropion is a medical condition where the eyelid, most commonly the lower eyelid, turns outward away from the eyeball. This eversion can affect one or both eyes and is more prevalent in older adults due to the natural loss of elasticity in eyelid tissues. Other causes can include facial nerve paralysis, trauma, scarring, or previous eyelid surgery.

The primary symptom of ectropion is an exposed inner surface of the eyelid, which can lead to a dry, irritated, and red eye. Common complaints include excessive tearing, a foreign body sensation, difficulty closing the eye completely, and blurred vision due to tear film disruption. Chronic exposure can also lead to conjunctivitis, keratitis (inflammation of the cornea), and vision impairment.

Diagnosis is usually made through a physical examination of the eye and eyelids. Treatment depends on the severity and cause of the ectropion. Mild cases may be managed with artificial tears and lubricating ointments to keep the eye moist. However, if symptoms are significant or if there's a risk of corneal damage, surgical correction is often recommended. Surgery aims to reposition the eyelid and tighten the supporting tissues to restore normal eyelid function and protect the eye's surface. The prognosis after successful surgery is generally good, with significant improvement in symptoms and reduction of eye irritation.