eaP

EAP is an acronym with multiple meanings; the two most widely used in technology and human resources are Extensible Authentication Protocol and Employee Assistance Program.

Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) is an authentication framework used by network access protocols such as 802.1X, PPP, and wireless LANs. It does not define a single authentication mechanism; instead it provides a framework within which various methods can operate. During a session, an EAP method is selected and carried inside EAP messages exchanged between the client (the supplicant) and an authentication server, typically via an access point and a RADIUS or Diameter server. Common EAP methods include EAP-TLS (certificate-based mutual authentication), EAP-PEAP, EAP-TTLS, EAP-MD5, EAP-FAST, EAP-SIM, and EAP-AKA. Security properties depend on the chosen method; some offer mutual authentication and encrypted tunnels, others provide weaker protection. EAP is central to enterprise wireless security (WPA2-Enterprise, WPA3-Enterprise) and to VPN authentication, and is defined in RFC 3748 and subsequent updates.

Employee Assistance Program (EAP) is an employer-sponsored program that provides confidential services to employees facing personal or work-related problems that may affect job performance or well-being. Services typically include short-term counseling, crisis intervention, referrals to mental health or substance abuse providers, financial or legal resources, and work-life support. Programs are often administered by employers or third-party providers and may be funded by the organization. Confidentiality is a core feature; records are kept separate from personnel files, and disclosure is limited to consent or specific circumstances. Benefits commonly cited include improved productivity, reduced absenteeism, and higher job satisfaction, though effectiveness depends on access, privacy protections, and utilization. EAPs are widely offered in many countries and vary in scope and policy frameworks.