downhills

Downhills are natural or engineered slopes that run downward, characterized by a downward gradient relative to the surrounding terrain. In geomorphology, the term describes a downslope where gravity moves materials such as soil, rock, or water. The steepness of a downhill is measured by slope angle in degrees or by percent grade, calculated as the rise divided by run multiplied by 100.

In sports, downhill refers to events or sections designed for rapid descent. Downhill skiing and snowboarding emphasize high speed on long courses with few turns, often on varied terrain, and courses are built with safety protocols and barriers in place. Downhill racing features long courses, substantial vertical drop, and high speeds, requiring specialized equipment such as long skis or snowboards, protective gear, and carefully managed course preparation.

Downhill mountain biking is another competitive discipline that uses purpose-built trails with steep grades, drops, and jumps. Riders use bikes with long-travel suspension and strong braking systems to navigate uneven terrain at high speeds. Courses vary by trail and venue and may include timed runs or point-based formats.

Safety, maintenance, and environmental impact are common considerations for downhills. Trail design often incorporates switchbacks, drainage features, and erosion control to preserve stability and reduce environmental damage. In addition, climate and weather conditions influence snow reliability and trail surface quality. Understanding downhills involves geography, sport-specific design, and the balance between performance and safety.