dermatomykooseja

Dermatomykooseja, commonly known as dermatomycosis, is a fungal infection affecting the skin, hair, and nails. It is caused by a variety of dermatophyte fungi, such as Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton species. These fungi thrive in warm, moist environments and are transmitted through direct contact with infected individuals or animals, as well as via contaminated objects like clothing, towels, or surfaces.

Clinically, dermatomykooseja presents with a range of symptoms depending on the site and extent of infection. Common signs include erythematous, scaly patches with well-defined borders, often accompanied by itching and discomfort. In hair-bearing areas, it can lead to hair loss or ringworm of the scalp (tinea capitis). On the nails, it may cause thickening, discoloration, and brittleness, known as tinea unguium.

Diagnosis is primarily clinical but can be confirmed with laboratory tests such as skin scrapings examined under microscopy with potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparation, fungal cultures, or histopathological examination. These help identify the specific fungal species involved.

Treatment typically involves the use of topical antifungal agents such as azoles or allylamines for localized infections. In more extensive or resistant cases, systemic antifungal medications like terbinafine, itraconazole, or griseofulvin may be prescribed. Good personal hygiene, keeping affected areas dry, and avoiding shared personal items are essential preventive measures.

While dermatomykooseja is generally not severe, it can cause discomfort and social stigma. Proper diagnosis and treatment usually result in complete resolution of the infection.