demihuman

Demihuman is a term used in fantasy fiction and role-playing game settings to describe sapient humanoid beings that are not fully human. The word combines demi- (half or partial) with human, signaling a spectrum of racial or cultural distinction rather than a single species. In many worlds, demihumans are recognized as distinct peoples with their own societies, languages, and customs, yet they share enough physical or cultural traits with humans to be perceived as related or partially human.

In gaming and lore, demihumans often occupy a middle ground between humans and full non-human races. They may appear as playable races or as culturally integrated groups within a broader world. Common examples include elves, dwarves, and halflings, though the exact classification can vary by setting. Some systems group these races as subtypes of humanoids, while others treat them as fully realized cultures with unique strengths, weaknesses, and societal roles. The classification can influence game mechanics, alignment, magic use, and social interaction within the world.

The term has faced criticism for its implication of partial humanity and for reinforcing a binary distinction between humans and non-humans. Critics argue that it can reflect a colonial or essentialist mindset when applied to fictional beings. In modern usage, many settings prefer more specific terms (such as the individual race names) or neutral descriptors like non-human sapients, to avoid blanket judgments.

See also: humanoid, elf, dwarf, halfling, non-human sapients, fantasy races.

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