defibylatory

Defibylatory are medical devices designed to treat life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias by delivering an electric shock to the heart to restore a normal rhythm. They are used in emergency settings and in devices placed inside the body. External defibrillators include automated external defibrillators (AEDs) and manual external defibrillators, while implanted varieties include implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs).

AEDs analyze heart rhythm and guide the rescuer to deliver a shock if needed. They are designed for use by laypersons with limited training and are common in public places, schools, and workplaces. They provide voice prompts and pads to place on the chest.

ICDs are implanted under the skin and connected to the heart by leads; they monitor rhythm and automatically deliver shocks or pacing to prevent sudden cardiac death. They are indicated for patients at high risk of malignant arrhythmias and may include features such as rate-responsive pacing and anti-tachycardia therapy.

Operation in external defibrillation involves the device analyzing the rhythm and delivering a controlled electrical shock when appropriate, after confirming absence of a spontaneous pulse. Safety protocols require clearing the patient and ensuring others are not in contact. In implanted devices, the device provides continuous rhythm surveillance and can intervene automatically.

History: Early attempts at defibrillation date to the 1940s, with Claude Beck performing the first successful human defibrillation in 1947. Public access to defibrillators expanded in the late 20th century with the development of AEDs, widely installed in public spaces to improve survival after sudden cardiac arrest.

Related topics include CPR and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators.