dalmatic

A dalmatic is a liturgical vestment worn by deacons in many Western Christian traditions, most notably the Roman Catholic Church, the Anglican Communion, and some Lutheran churches. It is a wide-sleeved, long tunic that reaches to the ankles and is worn over an alb and under the deacon’s stole. The dalmatic signifies the deacon’s role in service and procession during the liturgy, and its colors follow the liturgical season or feast being celebrated.

Etymology and origins: The word dalmatic comes from Late Latin dalmaticus, from the dalmatic tunic of Roman and Byzantine dress, named after the style associated with the region of Dalmatia. In early Christian practice the dalmatic evolved as the proper outer garment for deacons, distinct from the priest’s chasuble.

Description: Traditionally made of linen, cotton, or silk, the dalmatic is characterized by its voluminous sleeves and its front-and-back panels, often trimmed with decorative bands or embroidery (orphre) and sometimes bearing crosses or other liturgical motifs. It is typically white for major feasts and can be colored to match the liturgical calendar, with purple, red, green, or gold used in various traditions.

Usage and variations: In Catholic and Anglican liturgies, the dalmatic is worn by deacons during Mass or services. Some denominations also use dalmatics for liturgical processions or special rites. While the basic form is common, regional customs influence the fabric, trimming, and color choices, with a preference for modest ornamentation in most modern usages.