cummerbund

A cummerbund is a broad waistband worn with men's formal evening attire, most often with a tuxedo or dinner jacket. It is worn around the natural waist to cover the waistband of the trousers and to provide a smooth transition between the shirt and jacket, functioning as an alternative to a waistcoat in black-tie dress.

Cummerbunds are typically made of satin or silk and may be smooth or pleated. If pleated, the pleats are traditionally oriented upward toward the chest. The width varies, but a common range is around several inches. The garment fastens with a discreet closure, such as a hook or elastic, and is worn at the waist without a visible belt.

Etymology and origins: The term cummerbund derives from the Urdu kamar-band, meaning waist belt. The item originated in the Indian subcontinent and was adopted into Western formalwear in the late 19th or early 20th century, becoming a standard component of black-tie attire in many contexts.

Usage and etiquette: The cummerbund is worn with a tuxedo shirt and bow tie. The traditional color is black, though other colors can be used to coordinate with a waistcoat or overall color theme. It is worn without a belt, and many men choose either a cummerbund or a waistcoat rather than both, depending on formality and personal style.