crossheaded

Crossheaded is an adjective used to describe objects whose heads have a cross-shaped recess or pattern. The term is most commonly applied to fasteners—such as screws, bolts, or rivets—driven by a cruciform tool. In everyday language, crossheaded screws are typically those with Phillips- or Pozidriv-type drives, though the classification can extend to any cross-shaped profile.

Crossheaded fasteners are favored in many industries because the cruciform recess allows self-centering insertion and efficient torque transfer. They contrast with flat/slotted fasteners, which have a linear recess and rely more on alignment during driving. Common crossheaded variants include Phillips and Pozidriv; others use different cross patterns but remain broadly compatible with crossheaded drivers if the drive geometry matches.

Drive compatibility matters: using a mismatched bit can cam-out or damage the fastener head. Tools such as Phillips or Pozidriv bits must match the intended crosshead design; Torx is a different star-shaped drive and is not described as crossheaded.

Historically, crossheaded fasteners gained prominence in the mid-20th century, driven by mass production and the need for consistent torque. They remain widespread in consumer electronics, automotive components, and construction hardware, though other drive types (such as Torx or square) are also common in modern manufacturing.

See also: screw, bolt, fastener, Phillips screw, Pozidriv, crosshead, screwdriver.