crampons

Crampons are traction devices that attach to footwear to provide grip on snow and ice. They consist of a metal frame with sharp points that bite into hard surfaces, helping to prevent slips and enable progress in snowy or icy terrain. Crampons are commonly used in mountaineering, ice climbing, glacier travel, and other alpine activities where secure footing is essential.

Most crampons are made from steel or aluminum. They use different binding systems: strap-on, step-in (also called semi-automatic), or hybrid bindings. Strap-on crampons fit many boots with adjustable straps, while step-in models latch into boot welts or toe and heel fittings for a secure, rigid connection. Crampon configurations vary by the number of points and the shape of the front points; 10- or 12-point designs are common. Vertical or angled front points aid ice penetration, and the choice between steel and aluminum reflects a balance between durability and weight: steel offers long life and stiffness; aluminum is lighter but generally less durable.

Use requires compatible boots and proper fitting. Before use, crampons should be attached securely and checked for loose bolts, damaged points, or cracked frames. Appropriate technique is essential for safety, including deliberate steps, keeping knees bent, and practicing self-arrest and arrest of others in a controlled area.

History and maintenance: Crampons have evolved from simple leather straps and iron bars to complex steel or aluminum frames with standardized bindings. Regular maintenance includes drying after use, inspecting for cracks or bent points, cleaning debris, and sharpening or replacing worn points as needed.