controllare

Controllare is an Italian verb meaning to check, verify, inspect, or to control in the sense of monitoring or regulating a process. It is widely used in everyday language as well as in technical and administrative contexts, such as checking data, validating information, or ensuring compliance with rules. The verb can also indicate exercising supervision or authority over a system, device, or group.

Grammar and conjugation: Controllare is a regular -are verb. In the present tense the forms are: io controllo, tu controlli, lui/lei controlla, noi controlliamo, voi controllate, loro controllano. The past participle is controllato and the gerund is controllando. Other common tenses include imperfect: controllavo, controllavi, controllava, controllavamo, controllavate, controllavano; future: controllerò, controllerai, controllerà, controlleremo, controllerete, controlleranno; and the present subjunctive: che io controlli, che tu controlli, che lui controlli, che noi controlliamo, che voi controlliate, che loro controllino.

Usage notes: Controllare takes a direct object, for example, controllare un documento (to check a document) or controllare i dati (to verify the data). The expression tenere/tenere sotto controllo means to keep something under control or under surveillance. In computing and technology contexts, controllare often refers to checking a device, a system, or inputs; in management contexts it can imply supervision and regulation, while synonyms like verificare (to verify) or gestire (to manage) emphasize slightly different nuances.

Etymology and related terms: The verb derives from the noun controllo (control, check) with the typical Italian -are suffix. Related terms include controllo, verifica, monitorare, and ispezionare, which cover related but distinct aspects of inspection, monitoring, and verification.