contrabbasso

Contrabasso refers to the double bass, the largest and lowest-pitched bowed string instrument in the modern symphony orchestra. It is also known by other names such as the upright bass, string bass, bass viol, or simply bass. The instrument typically has four strings, tuned in perfect fourths to E, A, D, and G, from lowest to highest. Some contrabasses are made with a fifth string, usually tuned to a low C or B.

The contrabasso's body is substantially larger than other string instruments like the cello or viola. Its construction involves a wooden body, a neck, and a scroll at the headstock. The strings are vibrated by drawing a bow across them, or by plucking the strings with the fingers (pizzicato). The sound produced is deep and resonant, providing the harmonic foundation for orchestras, jazz ensembles, and various other musical groups.

Historically, the contrabasso evolved from earlier bass string instruments. Its role in music has expanded from primarily supporting the harmony to becoming a prominent solo instrument, particularly in jazz and contemporary classical music. Performers can stand or sit on a high stool to play the contrabasso, depending on the musical context and personal preference. The contrabasso is an indispensable instrument in many musical genres due to its unique tonal qualities and foundational role.