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conditionedreflex

A conditioned reflex is a learned automatic response that occurs when a previously neutral stimulus begins to evoke a reflexive reaction after being paired with a stimulus that naturally elicits that reaction. In classical conditioning terms, the neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus (CS) and the reflex response is called the conditioned response (CR). The natural, unlearned stimulus and response are the unconditioned stimulus (US) and unconditioned response (UR).

Classical conditioning was described by Ivan Pavlov in his experiments with dogs, where the ringing of a

During acquisition, the strength of the CR increases with repeated CS–US pairings. Extinction occurs when the

Examples include taste aversion conditioned by food paired with illness, or advertising where a neutral product

Understanding conditioned reflexes informs fields such as psychology, education, and behavioral therapy, where exposure-based techniques or

bell
(CS)
was
paired
with
presenting
food
(US)
to
produce
salivation
(UR).
After
several
pairings,
the
bell
alone
elicited
salivation
(CR).
These
findings
established
a
framework
for
understanding
how
associations
form
between
stimuli
in
the
environment.
CS
is
presented
without
the
US,
gradually
reducing
the
CR.
Spontaneous
recovery
can
occur
after
a
rest
period.
Generalization
spreads
the
CR
to
similar
stimuli,
while
discrimination
allows
responses
to
distinct
stimuli.
is
paired
with
positive
imagery
to
elicit
favorable
reactions.
Conditioned
reflexes
can
also
be
observed
in
animals
trained
to
perform
tasks
via
tones
or
gestures.
systematic
desensitization
deploy
conditioning
principles.
While
powerful,
conditioning
is
one
of
several
factors
influencing
behavior
and
can
vary
with
context,
biological
preparedness,
and
prior
experiences.