complicationsbenzodiazepines

Complications associated with benzodiazepine use can arise from their intended therapeutic effects, misuse, or abrupt discontinuation. Common short-term side effects include drowsiness, dizziness, impaired coordination, and cognitive impairment, which can increase the risk of accidents. Paradoxical reactions, such as increased anxiety, agitation, or aggression, can also occur.

Long-term use of benzodiazepines is associated with a higher risk of dependence and withdrawal symptoms upon cessation. These withdrawal symptoms can range from mild discomfort to severe, potentially life-threatening conditions like seizures. Psychological dependence can lead to compulsive drug-seeking behavior. Cognitive deficits, including memory problems and difficulty concentrating, may persist even after discontinuing the medication.

Overdose is another significant complication, particularly when benzodiazepines are combined with other central nervous system depressants like alcohol or opioids. This can lead to profound respiratory depression, coma, and death. In some cases, prolonged or high-dose use can lead to a condition known as benzodiazepine-induced psychosis, characterized by hallucinations and delusions. Management of these complications often involves gradual dose reduction to mitigate withdrawal symptoms, supportive care, and sometimes pharmacological interventions.