collude

Collude is a verb meaning to work together secretly for a deceitful or unlawful purpose. When people collude, they coordinate action with the aim of deceiving others or gaining an unfair advantage. The noun form is collusion, referring to the act or state of conspiring in this way.

The word derives from Latin colludere, from com- “together” and ludere “to play.” In legal and ethical discussions, collusion often implies intent to deceive and maintain an advantage through secrecy, rather than open collaboration.

In business, government, or sports, collusion commonly describes anti-competitive behavior such as price fixing, market division, or bid rigging, where parties secretly agree on methods or outcomes to restrict competition. It also appears in journalism or politics to describe covert cooperation aimed at manipulating outcomes or public perception.

Detection and consequences: authorities may investigate suspected collusion using communications records, financial data, or market analysis. Penalties can include fines, damages, disgorgement, injunctions, or prison, depending on jurisdiction. It is distinct from lawful cooperation or joint ventures, which are disclosed and comply with rules and regulations.