chrztem

Chrztem is the instrumental form of the Polish noun chrzest, which means baptism. In contemporary Polish, chrzest refers to the Christian sacrament by which a person is initiated into the church and receives spiritual cleansing. The word appears in religious, historical, and legal contexts and is closely tied to the concepts of faith, purification, and new life in Christ.

Etymology and usage. The term chrzest derives from early Christian terminology and has parallels in many Slavic languages, with roots tracing back to Latin baptismus and Greek baptizein. In Polish, chrzest is the common noun for the rite, while chrztem can appear in phrases where the instrumental case is required, for example in biblical or liturgical expressions like “Chrztem Jezusa” (the baptism of Jesus).

Ritual and symbolism. Baptism typically involves the use of water, which may be poured, sprinkled, or, in some traditions, administered by immersion. The rite is commonly associated with the confession of faith, the profession of Christian identity, and the reception of the Holy Spirit. In infant baptisms, godparents and parents commit to raising the child in the Christian faith. Lighted candles, white garments, and the sign of the cross are frequently employed as symbols of new life and membership in the church.

Cultural and historical context. In Poland, baptism has long been a central rite in the Roman Catholic tradition and has shaped cultural customs, naming ceremonies, and religious education. A landmark historical reference is the baptism of Poland (Chrzest Polski) in 966, often viewed as a cornerstone in the formation of the Polish state and its Christian heritage.

See also: Baptism, Chrzest Polski, Catholic sacramental rites.