chemischemechanische

Chemischemechanische, sometimes written as chemische Mechanik or chemo-mechanics in English, denotes the study of interactions between chemical processes and mechanical behavior in materials. It addresses how chemical species diffuse, react, or phase transform within a solid, and how these chemical processes are affected by stress, strain, temperature, and microstructure. The central idea is chemo-mechanical coupling: mechanical fields influence chemical potential and transport, while chemical changes alter stiffness, strength, and geometry.

Key mechanisms include stress-assisted diffusion and diffusion under concentration gradients; stress-corrosion cracking and hydrogen embrittlement; volume changes during electrochemical intercalation (as in lithium-ion batteries) that generate large strains and can cause cracking; corrosion and wear processes aggravated by mechanical load; and phase transformations driven by chemical reactions that change compatibility with the surrounding matrix. Modeling uses continuum mechanics combined with diffusion and reaction kinetics, such as elasticity coupled diffusion, poromechanics, and phase-field methods. Computational tools include finite element analysis with chemo-mechanical coupling terms and multi-physics simulations.

Applications span energy storage materials, structural alloys, ceramics, and geophysical processes. In energy storage, understanding chemo-mechanical effects helps predict aging and failure in electrodes and solid electrolytes. In structural engineering, corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement are addressed through materials design and protective strategies. Experimental approaches employ in-situ and operando techniques to observe coupled chemical and mechanical changes, including diffraction, tomography, and advanced microscopy.