causar

Causar is a Portuguese verb meaning to bring about, to cause, or to induce a result. It is transitive and typically requires a direct object. Common usages include causar dano (to cause damage), causar transtornos (to cause trouble), and causar doenças or causar prejuízos (to cause illnesses or losses). In everyday language, the verb often appears in phrases that describe outcomes or effects resulting from actions or events.

Etymology and meaning: the verb derives from Latin causāre, related to causa meaning reason or motive. In Portuguese, causar is used to express that something is the source or origin of another phenomenon, frequently with a negative or neutral connotation, but not limited to bad outcomes. The noun forma causa and the concept of causal relation (causalidade) are closely linked to the verb.

Grammar and conjugation: causar is a regular -ar verb. Present indicative forms include eu cause? no; the correct forms are eu causO, tu causAS, ele causA, nós causAMOS, vós causAIS, eles causAM. Preterite perfect forms: eu causei, tu causaste, ele causou, nós causamos, vós causastes, eles causaram. Imperfect: causava, causavas, causava, causávamos, causáveis, causavam. Future: causarei, causarás, causará, causaremos, causareis, causarão. Subjunctive present: que eu cause, que tu causes, que ele cause, que nós causemos, que vós causeis, que eles causem. These forms show that causar behaves as a regular -ar verb, with typical moods and tenses used to describe potential, hypothetical, or past-caused results.

Usage notes: causar is often preferred over synonyms when emphasizing the act of producing an effect. In formal writing, alternatives like ocasionar, provocar, or originar may be used to adjust nuance. In law and philosophy, discussants frequently refer to causal relations using causalidade and causas, distinct from the action of causar itself. Examples illustrate both active causation and passive constructions: "Isso causou atraso" and "O atraso foi causado por uma falha."