calvinistinen

Calvinistinen is a Finnish adjective meaning “Calvinist” or “Calvinistic.” It is used to describe theology, churches, or individuals associated with Calvinism, the branch of Protestantism that follows the teachings of John Calvin and other Reformed theologians. In Finnish, the related noun is kalvinismi, and the adjective is kalvinistinen; English-language usage may render the term in a transliterated form as calvinistinen in some contexts.

Origins and core emphasis: Calvinism arose in the 16th-century Reformation, notably in Geneva under John Calvin. It emphasizes the sovereignty of God, the authority of Scripture, and salvation by grace through faith. A common summary of its doctrinal authority is the TULIP framework: Total depravity, Unconditional election, Limited atonement, Irresistible grace, and Perseverance of the saints.

Church life and practice: Calvinist churches have traditionally stressed expository preaching, systematic theology, catechesis, and church discipline. Governance often features representative or presbyterian structures in many denominations, though some Reformed communities use congregational or mixed forms of polity.

Global and regional presence: Calvinism spread across Europe, Scotland, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and parts of North America, with various denominations within the Reformed tradition. In Finland and other Nordic contexts, Calvinist ideas have influenced theological dialogue and ecumenical work, even though Lutheran churches remain the dominant tradition and Calvinist congregations are comparatively small in many areas.

See also Calvinism, Reformed theology, John Calvin, TULIP, Presbyterianism.