caftans

Caftan, also spelled caftan or kaftan, is a loose, ankle- or floor-length robe with long sleeves. It originated in the Middle East and North Africa and spread through the Caucasus and Central Asia; in Western fashion it is often used as a generic term for a flowing, robe-like dress.

Traditionally, caftans are cut with a straight silhouette, wide sleeves, and a front opening that may be fastened with a belt or sash. They are made from cotton, silk, wool, velvet, or satin and are frequently decorated with embroidery, brocade, beadwork, or metallic threads. Fastening methods range from belts to ties, and some versions are worn open.

Regional variations are numerous. In Morocco, the caftan is a ceremonial women's garment with rich embroidery and trim. In the Ottoman world, kaftans signified rank and wealth through fabric and ornament. In Iran, Turkey, the Caucasus, and Central Asia, kaftans exist in both formal and daily wear, with styles adapted to local tastes.

In contemporary fashion, the caftan has become a versatile silhouette for resort wear, evening attire, and designer collections. Modern versions may be shorter or cut with open fronts, yet retain the draped, relaxed fit that defines the garment.