búfjárrækt

Búfjárrækt is a Icelandic term referring to livestock farming, specifically concerning domesticated animals raised for meat, milk, wool, or other products. It encompasses a range of practices and breeds adapted to the Icelandic environment.

Historically, búfjárrækt has been central to Icelandic society and economy. Sheep farming, known as sauðfjárrækt, has long been the dominant form, with Icelandic sheep being a hardy, landrace breed well-suited to grazing the country's pastures. These sheep are raised for their meat, wool (lopapeysa production), and milk. Cattle farming, or nautfjárrækt, also plays a role, with Icelandic cattle being a distinct breed known for their milk production and resilience.

Modern búfjárrækt in Iceland involves a combination of traditional methods and contemporary agricultural science. Farmers focus on sustainable practices, animal welfare, and producing high-quality products. Breeds are managed for genetic diversity and performance. Research and development in animal husbandry, nutrition, and disease prevention are ongoing to ensure the health and productivity of livestock. The industry is regulated by agricultural authorities to maintain standards and support the sector. Búfjárrækt continues to be a vital part of Iceland's rural landscape and cultural heritage.