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Button elements, often referred to as controls or widgets, are fundamental interactive components found in graphical user interfaces (GUIs) and web development. They serve as the primary means for users to initiate actions or make selections within an application or website. The most common type is the push button, which, when activated by a click or tap, triggers a specific function.

Beyond simple push buttons, other variations exist to cater to different interaction needs. Checkboxes allow users to select or deselect options, often in a group where multiple choices can be made. Radio buttons, conversely, are used for single selections within a group; choosing one option automatically deselects any other previously selected option in that same group. Toggle buttons, also known as switch buttons, have two distinct states, typically "on" and "off," representing a binary choice.

The design and behavior of button elements are crucial for user experience. They are typically visually distinct, often featuring a label or icon that clearly indicates their purpose. Their state (e.g., enabled, disabled, hovered, pressed) is usually communicated through visual cues, providing feedback to the user about their interaction. In web development, button elements are commonly implemented using HTML's `<button>` tag or input elements with the `type="button"`, `type="checkbox"`, or `type="radio"` attributes. JavaScript is then frequently used to define the actions associated with these elements.