bronkitit

Bronkitit is a medical term referring to inflammation of the bronchi, the airways that carry air to your lungs. This inflammation causes the lining of your bronchi to become irritated and inflamed, leading to swelling and increased mucus production.

There are two main types of bronchitis: acute and chronic. Acute bronchitis is usually caused by a viral infection, such as the common cold or flu, and often develops after an upper respiratory infection. Symptoms typically appear suddenly and can include a cough that produces mucus, shortness of breath, chest discomfort, and fatigue. Acute bronchitis usually resolves within a few weeks, although the cough may linger for longer.

Chronic bronchitis, on the other hand, is a more serious condition that is part of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is defined as a persistent cough that produces mucus for at least three months in two consecutive years. The most common cause of chronic bronchitis is long-term exposure to irritants, primarily cigarette smoke. Other irritants include air pollution, dust, and chemical fumes. Symptoms of chronic bronchitis are similar to acute bronchitis but are more persistent and can worsen over time. These can include a persistent cough, shortness of breath that worsens with activity, wheezing, and frequent respiratory infections.

Diagnosis of bronchitis is typically based on a medical history, physical examination, and sometimes diagnostic tests like a chest X-ray or pulmonary function tests. Treatment for acute bronchitis often involves supportive care, such as rest, fluids, and over-the-counter medications to relieve symptoms. Antibiotics are generally not effective for acute bronchitis as it is usually viral. For chronic bronchitis, treatment focuses on managing symptoms, preventing flare-ups, and slowing the progression of the disease. This may include bronchodilators, inhaled corticosteroids, pulmonary rehabilitation, and lifestyle changes like smoking cessation.