borstelsysteem

Borstelsysteem is a term used in electric machines for the arrangement of carbon brushes and related components that provide electrical contact between stationary and rotating parts. It is commonly found in brushed DC motors and generators, and in some AC machines that use a commutator or slip rings. The borstelsysteem enables the transfer of current to and from moving windings while the machine operates.

The main components of a borstelsysteem are carbon brushes, brush holders, and springs. The carbon brushes are made of graphite or graphite-metal compounds and are designed to slide against a rotating conducting surface, typically a commutator or a slip ring. Brush holders position and retain the brushes and incorporate springs or other means to apply a consistent contact force. Connecting leads and the assembly housing complete the system and help to manage heat and wear.

Working principle: as the rotor turns, the brushes maintain sliding contact with the commutator segments or slip rings, allowing current to flow into or out of the rotating windings. Contact quality, pressure, and electrical resistance influence wear, heat generation, and the risk of sparking. Worn brushes or poor seating can lead to arcing, reduced performance, and increased maintenance needs.

Types and configurations: borstelsystemen are typically spring-loaded and releasable for inspection and replacement. Designs vary by machine type, brush material, and mounting arrangement, but all aim to ensure reliable electrical contact and manageable wear over the machine’s life.

Applications and trends: borstelsystemen are used in many traditional DC motors and generators, rail traction, and power tools. With the growth of brushless DC motors and solid-state commutation, their use has declined in new designs, though they remain critical in many existing installations.

Maintenance considerations include regular inspection of brush length, seating, and alignment; cleaning to remove contamination; and timely replacement to prevent performance loss and damage.